Guide Of Using Of Internet For Patient Assignment

Guide Of Using Of Internet For Patient - Assignment Example Agatha is a twenty-eight-year-old married woman. She has been married for one year now and has not had conception yet. Agatha misses her menses and goes to the hospital for medical check-up and examination. A laboratory test conducted in the laboratory reveals that Agatha is about three weeks pregnant. Three weeks on, Agatha goes to the hospital again and she is asked to go and take a scan of her pregnancy because it is a new hospital. When Agatha goes to take the scan, the result is that the fetus is not seen. The morning before the scan, Agatha saw blood stains in her panty. Agatha comes home from the hospital very worried because the doctor did not give her much information about the two experiences she had today expect that she is given a referral date. She is very desperate to get information because this is her first pregnancy and she is very naà ¯ve about this new health concern. Her greatest fear is that there are several cases of miscarriage in her family and so she is simp ly confused and needs more information.As a family member, health practitioner and someone very familiar with the use of the internet, I would recommend the website, http://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/ for Agatha. On the contrary, I would advise Agatha against visiting http://wiki.answers.com/Q/FAQ/443. My choice of website for Agatha is based on the guidelines given on the first page. The Women’s Health Website (2011) is recommended because of a number of reasons:1. The website is a government-hosted website.... s (2007) Scenario and Recommendations It is appreciated by the NSW Department of Education and Training (2011) that â€Å"the growth of the World Wide Web to more than 2 billion web pages makes searching and finding information like trying to find the proverbial â€Å"needle in a haystack.† Likely, there are search engines that make the search of information very simple. Agatha is a twenty eight year old married woman. She has been married for one year now and has not had conception yet. Agatha misses her menses and goes to the hospital for medical check up and examination. Laboratory test conducted at the laboratory reveals that Agatha is about three weeks pregnant. Three weeks on, Agatha goes to the hospital again and she is asked to go and take a scan of her pregnancy because it is a new hospital. When Agatha goes to take the scan, the result is that the fetus is not seen. The morning before the scan, Agatha saw blood stains in her panty. Agatha comes home from the hospita l very worried because the doctor did not give her much information about the two experiences she had today expect that she is given a referral date. She is very desperate to get information because this is her first pregnancy and she is very naive about this new health concern. Her greatest fear is that there are several cases of miscarriage in her family and so she is simply confused and needs more information. As a family member, health practitioner and someone very familiar with the use of the internet, I would recommend the website, http://www.womenshealth.gov/pregnancy/ for Agatha. On the contrary, I would advise Agatha against visiting http://wiki.answers.com/Q/FAQ/443. My choice of website for Agatha is based on the guidelines given on the first page. The Women’s Health Website (2011) is

A Great American Composer Essay Example for Free

A Great American Composer Essay Born in New York, John Williams moved to the city of angels with his family in the year 1948, where he attended the UCLA and the Los Angeles City College. He also privately studied composition with Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco in Los Angeles. After working with the Air Force for a brief period of time, Williams came back to New York to attend the Juilliard University. There he took Madame Rosina Lhevinne as a teacher to learn the piano. Also in New York, Williams began to work as a jazz pianist on recordings and in clubs. He returned to Los Angeles afterwards to begin his career in the film industry. After working with renowned composers such as Alfred Newman, Bernard Herrmann, and Franz Waxman; Williams started to write music for television programs during the 1960s. He won four Emmy Awards for this work (â€Å"About: John Williams†). The highlights of Williams’ career in the entertainment industry may be briefly summarized as follows: Mr. Williams has composed the music and served as a music director for more than one hundred films, including, War of the Worlds, Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, The Terminal, Catch Me If You Can, Harry. Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Minority Report, Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones, Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone, A. I. Artificial Intelligence, The Patriot, Angelas Ashes, Star Wars Episode 1: The Phantom Menace, Stepmom, Saving Private Ryan, Amistad, Seven Years in Tibet, The Lost World, Rosewood, Sleepers, Nixon, Sabrina, Schindlers List, Jurassic Park, Home Alone, Home Alone 2, Far and Away, JFK, Hook, Presumed Innocent, Born on the Fourth of July, the Indiana Jones trilogy, The Accidental Tourist, Empire of the Sun, The Witches of Eastwick, E. T. (the Extra-Terrestrial), Superman, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, the Star Wars trilogy, Jaws, and Goodbye, Mr. Chips. He has received forty-five Academy Award nominations, most recently for his scores from Memoirs of a Geisha and Munich, making him the Academys most nominated living person. He has been awarded five Oscars, seven British Academy Awards (BAFTA), twenty Grammys, four Golden Globes, four Emmys and numerous gold and platinum records (â€Å"About: John Williams†). Needless to say, almost everybody who is acquainted with American television programs and Hollywood films has enjoyed the music composed by Williams. His music is based on the classical tradition. The influence of late Romantics, e. g. Richard Strauss and Gustav Mahler, may easily be detected in his music. At the same time, however, Williams does not desist from blending the classical with the modern traditions. His music for Close Encounters of the Third Kind clearly illustrates that Williams is a composer of the times even though he is influenced by music of the past. On the whole, however, his music is truly enjoyable because it is filled with good old tunes that are mixed with â€Å"fanfares and fun marches (â€Å"John Williams: Composer Extraordinaire†). † Moreover, the man is highly regarded for his ability to construct tunes and sounds that flawlessly complement the mood of his films (â€Å"John Williams: Composer Extraordinaire†). Williams’ scores have been described as â€Å"invariably magnificent orchestral works, performed with force and gusto (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). † Although the composer is able to produce great music for quieter as well as slower scenes with equal appropriateness, his work is generally considered â€Å"forceful and triumphal (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). † Indeed, this is one of the main reasons why Williams’ music continues to be loved by people across the globe, who are acquainted with the famous Star Wars, if not Harry Potter. According to a BBC report: â€Å"His music always evokes a powerful sense of mood, placing the force of the entire orchestra behind an emotion and running with it. With his emphasis on orchestral energy and power, it is unsurprising that Williams is best known for his action themes (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). † As Williams adapts well-known classical music for his own scores, listeners believe that his work is, at least in part, plagiaristic. Thus, his Oscar-winning composition for Star Wars is believed to carry echoes of a score from The Planet’s Suite; and his score for the Atlanta Olympic Games is said to borrow heavily from Fanfare for the Common Man by Copeland. Williams’s music has been understood to be derivative, which is probably the reason why there are similarities between the classical music he has been influenced by and his own compositions. On the whole, however, the man is highly regarded for his uniqueness (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). Another characteristic of Williams’ music that allows him to be remain special among composers is that his work is iconic. He gives unique themes to the villains and heroes of the films and television programs that he composes for. He also gives unique musical themes to the different plots in addition to macguffins of his films and television shows. In scenes where the different elements of the film, or the villains and heroes interact, however, he intertwines the special musical themes. As an example, Williams used Raiders March for Indiana Jones in the Raiders of the Lost Ark at all times that Jones appeared to be winning. When Jones appeared to be losing, however, Williams replaced the Raiders March with the Nazi Theme (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). Thus, the composer is special because he does not only produce great music but also possesses the intelligence to place different scores in appropriate scenes of the films or television programs he works for. One of the most memorable compositions of Williams is the theme from the film, Jaws. The score uses a â€Å"deep, two-note bassline,† which has managed to almost turn into a â€Å"universal code for impending shark attack (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). † As a matter of fact, many documentaries on the subject of sharks have used music similar to the theme created by Williams. According to the BBC report, the power of the theme is its simplicity. The bassline is played very slowly and it is played at pretty long intervals, after which the remaining orchestra chimes in with the bassline staying dominant and â€Å"joined by a deep brass harmony (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). † After this, the bass almost disappears while the lighter strings continue to play a panicky, almost desperate theme before the bass finally returns with full force in a mood of vengeance. At this point, the brass and the string play â€Å"an urgent refrain (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). † Silence follows soon after (â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer†). Another truly memorable piece created by Williams is his score for Memoirs of a Geisha. Waldron describes this composition as a â€Å"marvelously textured score that defines and propels the story. † For this score, Williams made use of the traditional musical instruments of Japan. The cellist Yo-yo Ma and the violinist Itzhak Perlman gave life to the theme. Indeed, Williams’ theme for this film is expected to surprise many of his fans, as this theme had been created for the Japanese film setting rather than the usual Hollywood setting that the composer has been acquainted with for a long time (Waldron). What is more, this theme is truly unusual as it does not remind the listener to music of the past that the composer is known to derive his compositions from much of the time. Williams’ music for A. I. is an additional surprise for his fans. Mecha World, which is the opening track of the film, reminds the listener that, indeed, he or she is listening to Williams’ music. This expansive piece introduces a mechanical character that one could easily associate with machinery or robotics. The piece is set against a broad musical theme that allows the viewer of the film to infer that the mechanical character must be placed in an â€Å"imposing urban† or â€Å"industrial landscape (Lace). † Williams makes â€Å"savvy use of metrically fractured rhythmic writing† in addition to percussion instruments in A. I. (Tommasini). These features of his music allow the viewer of the film to easily enter the world of androids along with the androids themselves. Tommasini describes how the composer – after having been mocked by critics for the sameness of his compositions – reveals his uniqueness in the theme for A. I. : â€Å"The music during the films ‘Hide and Seek’ sequence, when the robot boy David plays games with his adoptive mother, who at this early stage of the story is still smitten with him, is especially ingenious. Built from gentle melodic riffs, including childrens piano-practice tunes, quizzical harmonies and asymmetrical phrases, the music is at once beguiling and unsettling. † Indeed, Williams seems to have come a long way. His music for Catch me if you can is especially jazzy. Identified as â€Å"elusive chamber music,† the score proves to the listeners that the composer is skillful at â€Å"the less-is-more approach (Tommasini). † Furthermore, although his fans can still recognize his distinctive brand of compositions, Williams continues to change his approach to try out new techniques to film scoring. He has not managed to bore his listeners, despite the fact that he has created music for a large number of popular films. Most importantly, perhaps, it is essential for him to remind the listeners with his expansive themes that it is his music that they are listening to. Experimenting with new approaches while keeping his unique style that his fans have adored for many years suits Williams best. In point of fact, this is the very reason why Williams is known as one of the greatest composers in American history. After all, America is all about newness that is blended with old traditions. The old traditions cannot be given up because they keep the people grounded. At the same time, however, newness is considered a necessity as Americans strive to achieve the American Dream – a dream of success that cannot be realized without modernity. Fortunately for Williams, he has realized the dream with a thorough comprehension of its nuances. Works Cited â€Å"About: John Williams. † John Williams Official Site (2007). 3 Dec 2007. http://www. johnwilliamscomposer. com/. â€Å"John Williams: Composer Extraordinaire. † My Files (2007). 3 Dec 2007. http://www. mfiles. co. uk/composers/John-Williams. htm. â€Å"John Williams: Film Composer. † BBC (22 May 2001). 3 Dec 2007. http://www. bbc. co. uk/dna/h2g2/A563942. Lace, Ian. â€Å"A. I. Artificial Intelligence. † April 2002 Film Music CD Reviews (Apr 2002). 3 Dec 2007. http://www. musicweb-international. com/film/2002/Apr02/AI. html. Tommasini, Anthony. â€Å"John Williams’ Surprising Score for ‘Sith. ’† International Herald Tribune (25 May 2005). 3 Dec 2007. http://www. iht. com/articles/2005/05/24/features/starwars. php

Westward Expansion Essay -- essays research papers

Book Review – Westward Expansion 1807 - 1880 THESIS: After the War of 1812 much of America's attention turned to exploration and settlement of its territory to the West, which had been greatly enlarged by the Louisiana Purchase. SUMMARY: Families of pioneers swept westward and founded new communities throughout what is now the Midwest, and between 1816 and 1821, six new states were admitted to the Union. The land boom was fed by encouragement from the federal government and the actions of land speculators, who bought up large tracts of land in order to sell it in parcels to farmers at exorbitant prices. These farmers did not mind high prices and high interest on loans due to the growing success of American agricultural products. Most western farmers became cash croppers who sometimes neglected subsistence farming in order to focus on marketable commodities. Soon the farmers' dependence on distant markets caught up with them, however, as the state bank system that had sprung up to support speculation collapsed, dragging agricultural prices and land values down with it. Many western settlers suffered greatly during the Panic of 1819, but most survived and continued the conquest of the West. A major aspect of the conquest of the West was the removal of the Indians who dwelled there. Under the leadership of President Andrew Jackson, the Indians who remained East of the Mississippi were cruelly and violently driven from their homes and concentrated in reservations in what is ...

Cognitive distortions

As a Callahan evaluating a client, It Is Important to see their viewpoints as well as their cognitive distortions that are Inhibiting their well-being. It Is Important that counselors and clinicians evaluate and discuss by the use of categorization. â€Å"This helps people see more clearly the nature of their unrealistic thinking, reminds them that other people have had similar distorted cognitions, and gives them a tool for assessing subsequent thoughts. † (Salesman & Richening, 2014 p. 302). Three of many cognitive distortions and ways to modify the cognitions will be discussed low. Should† and â€Å"must† statements can have disabling effects on a client's thoughts and how they approach situations. I believe that the use of Redistributing blame is a strategy that clinicians can use to aid in having the client focus on the root of the issue rather than attributing the outcome to a particular person or themselves. â€Å"Through the use of dialogue and asking que stions that get to the heart of the problem, clinicians can help the client look at the situation more clearly. † Salesman & Richening, 2014 p. 304. ).Mind reading Is another cognitive distortion that can cause a great deal of arguments and Issues when one tries to act Like they know what the other person is thinking or feeling. The use of role-playing a dialogue between old and new thoughts would be very effective with this type of cognitive distortion. â€Å"This can help people clarify changes in their thinking and solidify rational thoughts. † (Salesman & Richening, 2014 p 305. ). All or nothing or polarize thinking is another cognitive distortion that is an extreme â€Å"black or white† way of life.An effective type of modification for this behavior would be challenging absolute statements. The use of this type of strategy to modify the client's way of thinking Is useful because it clarifies how the behavior truly is. After seeing the issue as a continuum, à ¢â‚¬Å"the clinician gives the client an opportunity to retract their absolute statement and clarify the behavior more accurately. † (Salesman & Richening, 2014 p. 303). Response week 3 Hello Vanessa, I can appreciate how you used an example of how a high school oddball player is dealing with tunnel vision as his cognitive distortion.This happens many times to teenagers and it seems to be difficult for them to see any other way other than negative. I also believe that your use of journaling to counteract and trace these negative feelings will be highly effective. â€Å"These written records can provide important material for discussion in sessions and serve as a way to track both progress and difficulties. † (Salesman & Erlenmeyer, 2014 p. 304). Sincerely, Michael, thank you for sharing your understanding of cognitive distortions and the eateries that you would use to modify this way of thinking.I can relate to the unrealistic thinking of Jumping to conclusions. â€Å"T o draw hasty and unwarranted conclusions. † (Salesman & Richening, 2014 p. 302). Being an educator, I must admit, that at times I do this. I feel like your technique of cognitive rehearsal is an excellent choice for this particular client who does not believe he is worthy for a promotion. Great Job and thank you for sharing your techniques. Response 3 Hi Lauren, Thank you so much for discussing and giving an example of mental filter. As an educator sometimes we see this when meeting parents for the first time.

Changes in Economic Structures

Changes in economic Structures Introduction Show knowledge of primary, secondary, tertiary Changes in primary Develop at least two points about why the primary sector has decreased in developed countries Explain advantages and disadvantages Change in secondary Develop at least two points about why the secondary has decreased in developed countries Explain Advantage/disadvantages Changes in Tertiary Develop two points about why the tertiary sector has increased Explain advantages/disadvantages (what’s good and bad about it) ConclusionWhat’s going to happen in the long term? What do you think the impacts of this have been overall? Changes in economic Structures Within the business industry there are 3 main sectors in which firms operate to, which is the primary secondary and tertiary sectors. Each of these sectors forms a chain of production which provides consumers with products and services. In the primary sector firms are involved in extracting raw materials from earth ’s natural resources.This includes fishes being fished out of the ocean, rubbers being tapped from trees, and oil being drilled from the ground etc. Whilst as the secondary sector manufactures and assembles the raw materials collected from the primary sector to make a complete product. Examples are refining crude oil to turn into useful products such as gasoline, cooking uncooked food to serve in restaurants and turning copped wood into finished products such as chairs and tables etc.Finally in the tertiary sector firms focus on selling the refined and manufactured products/services to customers, for example selling finished chairs in a furniture shop, refilling gas tanks in a petrol station, selling diamonds to soon to be engaged couples etc. Over the past centuries we have seen many changes in the business industry including the decline of employment rate in the primary and secondary sector, and the employment boom in the tertiary sector.In the 1700’s 75% of the worl d’s population was working in the primary sector, 15% in the secondary sector and 10% in the tertiary sector, whereas now only 2% are employed in the primary sector, 28% in the secondary sector and 70% in the tertiary sector. One of the main reasons why there has been a decline in the primary and secondary is sector is the change in technology. As the newer technology provided businesses with more efficient ways of extracting and manufacturing products (using machinery) it also reduced the amount of workload needed by humans in the chosen job.This meant a lot of workers had to become redundant and thus taking jobs in the tertiary sector. Additionally because of the over-extraction of natural resources there are very scares resources left to extract out of the earth; as a result businesses have to compete for the resources that remain meaning businesses that cannot compete to acquire these resources have to make their employees redundant hence the decline in employment rate in the primary sector.Finally because of the increasing safety standards and more people caring about their health there has been a decrease in primary and secondary sectors. On the other hand, whilst the primary and secondary sectors are decreasing, the tertiary sector has increased dramatically. This is because of the increase in educational standards and the amount of pay in the tertiary sector. As decades past more and more people are receiving better education around the world, thus people with higher education require higher paying jobs.This is where the level of employment in the tertiary sector skyrocketed because the tertiary sector could provide these people with a higher pay and a job that they want to pursue. Furthermore as a result of increase in tourism many tertiary sector businesses have opened up to fulfill the demand tourists. In conclusion the sectors in the business industry will always keep on changing because of the factors shown. We are in a generation where the tertiary sector is very popular and this has influenced the way each country works.For example in Thailand there are many tertiary businesses in the capital city such as offices, super-markets and malls which are mainly highly successful. And schools nowadays guide students to work in the tertiary sectors instead of primary of secondary. However there are still large populations of people working in the primary sector as rice farmers etc. Nevertheless I believe in the future the tertiary sector will decrease and the primary and secondary sectors will rise again because once the tertiary sector meets its peak, it will drop back down.

Pizza Hut Essays

Pizza Hut Essays Pizza Hut Paper Pizza Hut Paper Corporately known as Pizza Hut, Inc, it is a subsidiary of Yum! Brands, Inc. Pizza Hut, the first International Chain Restaurant in Bangladesh, opened its flagship restaurant in 2003 at Gulshan in Dhaka. From the day of its launching Pizza Hut remains the acknowledged leader of the Pizza Industry, evident from the continuous crowds the restaurant successfully draws in. Pizza Hut has over 15,000 outlets across 100 countries. Following its grand success in Dhaka, the Chittagong outlet was opened in September 2005 and later on in Cox’sbazar as well. Transcom Foods Limited (TFL) started its journey in 2003 as a franchisee of Pizza Hut, the first International Chain Restaurant in Bangladesh, and went on to sign the contract to become the franchisee of Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) in the year 2006. Both Pizza Hut and KFC are subsidiaries of the world’s largest restaurant company Yum! Restaurants International. In a span of ten years, TFL has opened 5 Pizza Hut and 11 KFC outlets so far throughout the country. Pizza Hut Franchise Information Initial Franchise Fee: $25,000 Total Investment: $1. 3M to $3M Net worth requirement: $1M Cash liquidity requirement: $360K Pay an annual 6. 5% royalty on your profit. Must commit to building at least 3 restaurants over 3 years Term of Franchise Agreement: 20 years Sources: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Pizza_Hut pizzahut. com/ pizzahutfranchise. com/ startupbizhub. com/how-to-start-your-pizza-hut-franchising-business. htm startingfranchise. in/2012/11/Opening-Pizza-Hut-Franchi se-India. html Menu of Pizza Hut Item Name |Price(Taka) |Item Name |Price(Taka) | |Pizza 2person |940 |Mushroom |450 | |Pizza 4person |1750 |Chicken Mushroom |500 | |Pizza 6person |2320 |Shrimp Mushroom |500 | |Pasta 2person |1050 |Garlic Bread |130 | |Pasta 4person |2080 |Garlic Bread platter |280 | |Arabiatta |400 |Spicy Garlic Mushroom |380 | |Chicken Arabitta |450 |Garden salad |200 | |Hawaiian salad |220 |Red n hot |1150/1500 | |Pasta mint salad |300 |Latin spicy hot, chicken Italia |1300/1650 | |Garden salad |200 |Hawaiian salad |220 | |Salad bar |400 |Cheese lover, veggie lover |250-1200 | |Onion rings |220 |Creamy spinach mushroom |500 | |Shrimp cocktail |280 |Spicy garlic mushroom |380 | |Potato shell with filler |300 |Bolognaise with meatball |450 | |Spanish delight |1150/1500 |Beef lover, BBQ chicken |300-1350 | |Garlic bread platter |280 |Beef Arabiatta |450 | |Veggie supreme |300-1350 |Chicken exotica, spicy beef 300-1350 | |Rustica |300-1350 |Chicken classic |380-1700 | |Seafood symphony |380-1700 |Latin Spicy hot |380-1700 | More menus of Pizza Hut Beef LoverBBQ  ChickenVeggie Lover Chicken Hawaiian Veggie SupremeChicken SupremeBeef Pepperoni Seafood Symphony Salads Breads Pasta [pic][pic] [pic][pic] [pic][pic] SWOT analysis of Pizza Hut Strengths: Innovative range of pizzas under one roof Part of the largest restaurant chain in the world Food attracts people of various ranges from young to old. Over 18,000 franchises around the world Pizza Hut sits on top of global full-service restaurant tree Quick home delivery services. Sound financial situation and international turnover. Hygienic food and quick service. Famous television advertising They are ISO(International Standard Organization) Certified Weaknesses: High price for every menu. Franchise management. Loyal customers are feeling that the satisfaction of the pizzas is declining. There are complex computer systems and internal conflicts from franchisees. There is a lack of an organic pizzas, which will limit the target market. They ar e providing less range of products comparatively with high prices. They are more focused on Western taste instead of Eastern and Asian. Obviously, Pizza Hut is not the low cost producer. They rely on their quality pizza and good service to account for their higher prices Rising competition undermines Pizza Hut as consumers go for greater convenience Rising cheese costs threaten margins Opportunities: New Pizzas with different crust sizes and flavours. Pizza Hut expands Indian market menu and looks to old favourite to bolster sales. Diversification of new products can increase their market shares. Venture more into home delivery. Pizza hut can come up with the new products considering taste of people as like McDonalds They can reduce their prices because of more resources. Threats: Threat from Dominos pizza, also from Mc Donald’s who have tried to introduce a new meal that is a Pizza called: McPizza. Other local restaurants can affect their market share by providing pizzas with lower price. Bird flu. Health conscious people. Social factors can affect their image as a Western organization. [pic] Type: Subsidiary Industry: Fast food restaurant Founded: 1930 in North Corbin, Kentucky (original) 1952 at 3900 South State St, Salt Lake City, Utah (franchise) Founder(s): Harland Sanders Headquarters:1441 Gardiner Lane, Louisville, Kentucky, United States (Operational Headquarters) 1209 North Orange St, Wilmington, Delaware, United States (Incorporation) Number of locations: 18,000 (2012) Key people: David C. Novak, Chairman and CEO of Yum! Brands Roger Eaton, Chairman and CEO of KFC Products: Fried chicken, chicken burgers (chicken sandwiches US), wraps, French fries, soft drinks, salads, desserts, breakfast Revenue: US$15 billion (2011) Parent Yum! Brands What made us great is still what makes us great. KFC Corporation, based in Louisville, Kentucky, is one of the few brands in America that can boast a rich, decades-long history of success and innovation. It all started with one cook who created a soon-to-be world famous recipe more than 70 years ago, a list of secret herbs and spices scratched out on the back of the door to his kitchen. That cook was Colonel Harland Sanders of course, and now KFC is the worlds most popular chicken restaurant chain, specializing in that same Original Recipe, along with Extra Crispy chicken, home-style sides and buttermilk biscuits. There are more than 18,000 KFC outlets in 120 countries and territories around the world. Transcom Foods Limited (TFL) started its journey in 2003 as a franchisee of Pizza Hut, the first International Chain Restaurant in Bangladesh, and went on to sign the contract to become the franchisee of Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) in the year 2006. Both Pizza Hut and KFC are subsidiaries of the world’s largest restaurant company Yum! Restaurants International. In a span of ten years, TFL has opened 5 Pizza Hut and 11 KFC outlets so far throughout the country. KFC Franchise Information Initial Franchise Fee: $45,000 Total Investment: $1. 2M to $1. 8M Net Worth: $1. 5M to $2. 5M Liquid asset: $750,000 Royalty Fee: 5% Advertising Fee: (Local 2. 5% of gross revenues National Cooperative Advertising 4. 5% of gross revenues) Renewal Fee: $6,750 Term of Agreement: 20 years Sources: 1) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/KFC 2) kfc. com/about/ 3) kfcfranchise. com/faqs-qsr-restaurant. hp 4) thefranchisemall. com/franchises/details/10004-0-kfc. htm 5) franchisedirect. com/foodfranchises/kfc-franchise-07095/ufoc/ Menu of KFC |Item Name |Price(Taka) |Item Name |Price(Taka) | |Chicken Snacker |100 |Potato Wedges |125 | |Chicken Snacker box |170 |Chicken rice meal |190 | |Strips Snack |190 Spicy Thai Chicken rice |300 | |Snac k Box (1pic chicken Fries) |170 |Hot Zinger meal |375/395 | |Popcorn Chicken |160 |Zinger meal |370/390 | |Boneless chicken strips |200/395 |Curry crunch chicken |290/575/1145/1700 | |Hot wings |150/290 |2pcs chicken fries meal |350 | |Bucket meal |2350 |Krushers |140/170/180/190/200 | |Bucket Hot crispy |830/1250 |Desserts |80-150 | |Hot zinger |250 |Veggie zinger |210 | |Mixed rice |85 |Chicken zinger |240 | |Combo 1/2/3/4/5 |250/300/600/1200/999 |Burgers |240/250/210 | |Sides |30-125 |Packaged water |80-90 | |tea |50 |Coffee |60 | More menus of KFC: KrushersSoft DrinkGame Box Chicken BucketBox masterChicken Thali Veg FingerColeslawFriesSnack Box  Corn on the cobSundae Soft Twirl Zing KongSnacker(chicken veggie)Brownie Sundae SWOT analysis of KFC Strengths: Second best global brand in fast food industry in terms of value ($ 6 billion) KFC customer base remained loyal to the KFC brand because of its unique taste. World’s largest restaurant company in terms of system re staurants. Chicken made with the same secret blend of 11 Ranks(herbs and spices highest among all chicken restaurant chains for its convenience. Menu variety and strong trademarks recipes. KFC has continued to dominate the dinner and take out segment of the Industry. Existing in the local market for years, therefore, knowing people’s tastes and whims. They are ISO (International Standard Organization) certified. Weaknesses: Losing market share as other Chicken chain increased sales at a faster rate. Lack of knowledge about their customers. Question of over franchising leads to loss of control and quality. Lack of focus on RD. Unhealthy food menu High employee turnover Lack of strong marketing efforts The company has entered so many markets in the past in the United States that its growth rate was about only one percent an year. The company is said to not to pay attention to its resource and development. Opportunities: Introducing new products to its only chicke n range. Introducing new services and technologies. Increasing demand for healthier food. With more investments the company can definitely make its position stronger in the food industry Home meal delivery. Employment opportunities for part time seeker especially for university goings.   Ã‚  Focusing on more nutrition’s. Threats: Bird flu Saturated fast food markets in the developed economies. Trend towards healthy eating. Local fast food restaurant chains. Government regulations. Change in tastes. Currency fluctuations. Lawsuits against KFC. [pic] Type: Public Traded as: SET: CPF Industry: Food and Beverage Founded: January 17, 1978 Headquarters: Bangkok, Thailand Key People: Adirek Sriratak, ( President CEO) Products: Animal Feed, Animal Breeder, Meat and Food Parent: Charoen Pokphand Group Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited is Thailands largest agribusiness firm. It is a publicly traded subsidiary of the Charoen Pokphand Group. Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF), a company of the CP Group, is the leading agro-industrial and food conglomerate in Thailand. The greater part of the Company production bases is in Thailand with some operating overseas. The Company’s core business lines are livestock and aquaculture. The livestock operations include chicken broiler, chicken layer, duck and swine. For aquaculture business, the two main marine animals are shrimp and fish. C. P. Bangladesh Company Ltd. is a sister concern of C. P. Group Thailand. C. P. Bangladesh Co. , Ltd. s incorporated in Bangladesh on 14th January 1999 doing business in the Agricultural industry, Poultry sector. Though C. P. Bangladesh Co. , Ltd is not in Bangladesh many years, but in this shorter period it has established its own Feed mills, Breeder Farm, Hatcheries, G. P. farm, fish feed mill all over the country. C. P. Bangladesh Co. , Ltd has established with a vision â€Å"To be a leader in Agro-business industry in Bangladesh† and each day it is getting closer to its vision. C. P. Bangladesh Co. , Ltd now produce Poultry feed (both layer and broiler), breeder feed, fish feed and cattle feed, and also animal health medicine. [pic] C. P. Bangladesh Co. Ltd. is a sister concern of C. P. Group Thailand. C. P. Bangladesh Co. Ltd. is incorporated in Bangladesh on 14th January 1999 doing business in the Agricultural industry, Poultry sector. Though C. P. Bangladesh Co. Ltd. is not in Bangladesh many years, but in this shorter period it has established its own Feed mills, Breeder Farm, Hatcheries, G. P. farm, fish feed mill all over the country. They direct invested in Bangladesh by giving the tax to government (Ministry of commerce) without any licensing and franchising. They have established a production factory house in â€Å"Hemayetpur† and supply the materials for the fried chicken in the different branch in Dhaka and Chittagong. C. P. Bangladesh Company Limited was established since 1998 under operation in Agro-Industrial and Food Business by dedication of providing high quality of animal feed mill, farming operation and also processing tasteful, nutritional and hygienic food products under branding of ‘‘FIVE STAR CHICKEN’’ that deliver to all customers in Bangladesh. It Started on April 7, 2008 with a mission- â€Å"Kitchen of Bangladesh. In Bangladesh they have started their fried chicken business through licensing with an amount of TK 250,000. Currently they are operating their fried chicken business across Bangladesh with their 201 branches among them 104 branches are in Dhaka. The Charoen Pokphand Group is the largest business conglomerate in Thailand. Its largest subsidiary is Charoen Pokphand Foods, which achieved 116. 5 billion baht in revenue in 2005, earning a profit of 6. 747 billion baht. Apart from agribusiness, the family-owned conglomerates interests range from retailing, as the franchisee of Thailands 7-Eleven stores, to telecommunications, as the owner of True Corporation, a mobile telephone service provider, Internet service provider, and cable television company. CP Subsidiaries also include PRC registered Super Brand Mall Lotus center chain. The company has grown into a global business, with more than 250 subsidiaries in 20 countries, including China, where it is known as the Chia Tai Group. CP fried chicken’s methodologies of the business in Bangladesh are as follows: This is a Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Operating as a licensing company in Bangladesh. Initial licensing Fee: TK 250,000 Renewal Fees: Not disclosed. Sources: 1) cpfworldwide. com 2) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Charoen_Pokphand_Foods 3) From Street corner retailers. Menu of CP fried chicken Item Name |Price (Tk) |Item Name |Price (Tk) | |Jumbo set |790 |Wing |60 | |Party set | 460 |Happy hot Dog |60 | |Breast |115 |Masala chicken |55 | |Thigh |90 |Spicy chicken |50 | |Leg |60 |Chicken ball |25 | |Chicken sausage |25 |Hot wings |25 | SWOT analysis of CP fried chicken Strengths: Low price compare to KFC Pizza Hut in Bangladesh. More branches than KFC Pizza Hut in Bangladesh. More convenience than KFC Pizza Hut in Bangladesh Horizontal raw material sources in Bangladesh. Sound financial situation and international turnover. Food attracts people of various ranges from young to old. Existing in the local market for years, therefore, knowing people’s tastes and whims. Weakness: Don’t have exclusive decorations compare to pizza Hut KFC. Loyal customers are feeling that the satisfaction of the pizzas is declining. Lack of monitoring controlling system. Lack of focus on RD. Lack of strong marketing efforts. Lack of knowledge about their customers. Lack of menu varieties. Opportunities: They can reduce their prices because of their h orizontal sources of raw materials. With more investments the company can definitely make its position stronger in the food industry Home meal delivery. They can attract more people with their consisting lower prices. Threats: Bird flu. Health conscious people. Local fast food restaurant chains. Government regulations. They need have more product offerings compare to KFC Pizza Hut Their services should be improved. Franchising Franchising is the practice of using another firms successful business model. The word franchise is of Anglo-French derivation from franc meaning free, and is used both as a noun and as a (transitive) verb. For the franchisor, the franchise is an alternative to building chain stores to distribute goods that avoids the investments and liability of a chain. The franchisors success depends on the success of the franchisees. The franchisee is said to have a greater incentive than a direct employee because he or she has a direct stake in the business. Essentially, and in terms of distribution, the franchisor is a supplier who allows an operator, or a franchisee, to use the suppliers trademark and distribute the suppliers goods. In return, the operator pays the supplier a fee. Thirty three countries, including the United States, and Australia, have laws that explicitly regulate franchising, with the majority of all other countries having laws which have a direct or indirect impact on franchising. Foreign Direct Investment 🙠 FDI) According to the International Monetary Fund, foreign direct investment, commonly known as FDI, refers to an investment made to acquire lasting or long-term interest in enterprises operating outside of the economy of the investor. The investment is direct because the investor, which could be a foreign person, company or group of entities, is seeking to control, manage, or have significant influence over the foreign enterprise. Licensing: Licensing is the process of leasing a legally protected (that is, trademarked or copyrighted) entity – a name, likeness, logo, trademark, graphic design, slogan, signature, character, or a combination of several of these elements. The entity, known as the property or intellectual property, is then used in conjunction with a product. Many major companies and the media consider licensing a significant marketing tool. Interpretations of our analysis Yummy! Let’s go for Pizza Hut or KFC or CP. Yes, these words are becoming very common for city people in Bangladesh. What more can somebody ask for! In the context of Bangladesh, whenever we talk about party or to hang around with friends or families in many cases Pizza Hut or KFC or CP gets priority among all other choices we have. Though their food items are little bit more expensive than our traditional foods, but still we love it. This time we are not having any of their food items, we are just going to have an analysis of these three companies. For the purpose of our analysis, we had to gather information’s both from the primary and secondary sources. Collecting information’s from the secondary sources were easy compare to primary sources. While we went to collect raw data from the primary sources, we found the managers of those restaurants very uncomfortable of sharing any information’s and that made our journey very difficult. After being refused from them, we went to their corporate offices but still got denied. Since we had to complete our analysis, somehow we did manage some of the information’s about these companies and which we believe can be helpful for concluding our analysis. From the information’s we have found, both Pizza Hut KFC were originated from U. S. A, and currently Transcom Foods Limited (TFL) had brought both Pizza Hut KFC into Bangladesh though franchising and off-course with the help of world’s largest restaurant company named â€Å"Yum! Restaurants International† It’s kind of revolution for the food industry in our country. Transcom Foods Limited (TFL) started its journey in 2003 as a franchisee of Pizza Hut, the first International Chain Restaurant in Bangladesh, and went on to sign the contract to become the franchisee of Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) in the year 2006. In a span of ten years, TFL has opened 5 Pizza Hut and 11 KFC outlets so far throughout the country. Very surprisingly their popularity is increasing in our country da y by day even though their product offerings are different. The way they are dominating the world’s restaurant industry through their product and service offerings, similarly they are dominating in our country as well. Most of the time, they are trying to reach the higher income people. Whereas CP (Charoen Pokphand) is another food company which has targeted all classes of people in our country. Basically CP has originated from Thailand and started it’s business in our country as an agro based industry. But later on, in the year of 2008, they had expanded their business in food industry through licensing. In Bangladesh they have started their fried chicken business through licensing with an amount of TK 250,000. Currently they are operating their fried chicken business across Bangladesh with their 201 branches among them 104 branches are in Dhaka. Even though they are having more branches compare to Pizza Hut KFC, but their product offerings and service quality especially, their locations and the environments are not that good like Pizza Hut KFC. Their internal and external decoration is also different and looks less exclusive than Pizza Hut KFC. But CP’s food prices are way cheaper than Pizza Hut KFC. Moreover, CP’s initial investments and expenses are less than Pizza Hut KFC. From the above mentioned analysis, we can say that, both Pizza Hut KFC are fulfilling peoples demand by assuring their product service qualities as well as environments whereas, CP is not covering any of those issues rather they are more focusing on cheaper product price. Price Comparison with other countries: |Item Name |Bangladesh |India |U. S. A | |KFC 8 pcs Bucket |Tk 830. 00 |Rs 350. 00 |$ 10. 9 | | | |350*1. 25=Tk 437. 5 |10. 99*76. 54=Tk 841. 17 | |KFC 12 pcs Bucket |Tk 1,250. 00 |Rs 500. 00 |$ 16. 49 | | | |500*1. 25=Tk 625. 00 |16. 49*76. 54=Tk 1,262. 14 | |Pizza Hut |Tk 460. 00 |Rs 315. 00 |$ 7 | |Classic Margherita(M) | |315*1. 25= Tk 393. 75 |7*76. 54= Tk 535. 8 | |Pizza Hut |Tk 1200. 00 |Rs 490. 00 |$ 11. 99 | |Veggie Lovers | |490*1. 25= Tk 612. 5 |11. 99*76. 54= Tk 917. 71 | |CP |Tk 790. 00 |Rs 290. 00 | | |Jumbo Set | |290*1. 25= Tk 362. 5 | | Comparative analysis of these three com panies: Company Franchising Cost |Licensing Cost |Initial Investment |Location |Loyalty |Popularity |Product Price |Service |Customer Level | |Pizza Hut | High |N/A |Very High |Moderate |Very High |High |Very High |Excellent |High upper middle | |KFC |Very High |N/A |Very High |Moderate |Very High |Very High |High |Excellent |High, upper middle middle | |CP |N/A |Low |Moderate |Excellent |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate |Low |Middle low | | Company |Product quality |Product Variety |Product offerings |Availability |Home delivery |Inspection |Environment |Customer Satisfaction | |Pizza Hut |Excellent |Various |Active |Very Few |Yes |Frequent |Excellent |Very Good | |KFC |Excellent |Various |Very active |Few |Yes |Frequent |Excellent |Very good | |CP |Good |Limited |Stable |Available |N/A |Les Frequent |Moderate |Good | |

dlkj essays

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Que es WIC y como solicitar esta ayuda para nutrición

Que es WIC y como solicitar esta ayuda para nutricià ³n WIC es un programa de ayuda para que embarazadas, lactantes, mams recientes, infantes y nià ±os menores de 5 aà ±os  puedan adquirir alimentos y asà ­ asegurar una buena nutricià ³n. En este artà ­culo se explica quià ©nes pueden beneficiarse, cà ³mo solicitar esta ayuda y sus posibles efectos migratorios. Quà © personas pueden calificar para esta ayuda Mujeres embarazadasMujeres que alimentan con leche materna  durante el primer aà ±o del bebà ©Mujeres que recià ©n tuvieron a su hijo durante los seis meses  siguientes al parto o finalizà ³ el embarazo y que no alimentan con leche maternaInfantes menores de un aà ±oNià ±os/as menores de cinco aà ±os Quà © requisitos de ingresos se piden Este beneficio es para las personas mencionadas que tienen pocos ingresos. Pero,  ¿cun pocos? La respuesta es que depende del estado en el que se vive. La ley federal  Ã‚  dice que pueden beneficiarse las personas que vivan en un hogar familia con ingresos inferiores al 185 por ciento de lo que cada aà ±o se establece  como là ­nea de la pobreza. Sin embargo, algunos estados permiten recibir estos beneficios aunque se tengan ingresos superiores, como por ejemplo el 100 por 100 de la là ­nea de la pobreza, por lo que hay que comprobar la norma que aplica. Adems, si se recibe ayuda por otros beneficios como por ejemplo Medicaid, TANF o SNAP se puede calificar automticamente para WIC. Quà © requisito de estatus migratorio es necesario para calificar para WIC No es necesario tener estatus migratorio legal (es decir, pueden aplicar los indocumentados). Tampoco es necesario ser residente permanente ni ciudadano. Otros requisitos para calificar para WIC Todos los aplicantes de WIC deben pasar consulta y someterse a un anlisis de sangre con un nutricionista, mà ©dico o enfermera, que es quien tienen que declarar que dichas personas estn en situacià ³n de riesgo nutricional. Por ejemplo, porque pesa menos de lo considerado normal, tiene anemia, sigue una dieta pobre y no saludable o, en el caso de mujeres embarazadas, tienen un historial de embarazos problemticos. Adems, durante el proceso de certificacià ³n se verificar si los nià ±os e infantes han recibido las vacunas mà ­nimas. En el caso de que su calendario de vacunacià ³n no està © completo se le referir a un centro sanitario para recibirlas. Recibir el WIC,  ¿puede perjudicar para otro tipo de beneficios migratorios? Este punto es importante porque las autoridades de Inmigracià ³n o los consulados pueden negar a una persona:  si se considera que dicha persona puede convertirse en una carga pà ºblica (public charge, en inglà ©s). Por lo tanto, en estos casos se podrà ­a poner en riesgo situaciones como: la aprobacià ³n de una visala autorizacià ³n para reingresar a los Estados Unidosla aprobacià ³n de la tarjeta de residencia (green card)adquisicià ³n de la ciudadanà ­a mediante el trmite de naturalizacià ³n. Pero es muy importante tener claro que WIC no afecta a la declaracià ³n de carga pà ºblica. Es decir, se puede solicitar y aceptar este beneficio, siempre y cuando se cumplan los requisitos, sin temor a que afecte en el futuro en asuntos migratorios.   Esto es asà ­ tambià ©n en otro tipo de beneficios pà ºblicos en los que no hay entrega de dinero, como por ejemplo cupones de alimentos (food stamps) o vivienda pà ºblica. Quà © se puede recibir si este beneficio es aprobado En la mayorà ­a de los estados los beneficiarios reciben cheques, vouchers o una tarjeta (EBT) para la compra de determinado tipo de alimentos como por ejemplo leche, huevos, jugos, peanut butter, cereales, frà ­joles, vegetales, fruta, pan integral y comidas para bebà ©s. Si bien esta forma de acceso a WIC es la ms comà ºn, en algunos estados todavà ­a se distribuyen cajas de alimentos entre los beneficiados. En algunos casos hay que ir a buscarlas a un almacà ©n, en otros se envà ­an a las casas de los beneficiarios. Adems, se intenta potenciar la lactancia materna, mediante ayuda para enseà ±ar los mejores mà ©todos para practicarla y tambià ©n alargando el tiempo que se puede recibir este beneficio para las madres que alimentan a sus bebà ©s con su propia leche. Sin embargo, cuando à ©sta no es una opcià ³n se puede comprar fà ³rmula para lactantes, que tiene que ser la marca que establece cada estado.   Cà ³mo se solicita el WIC Se aplica en el estado en el que se reside y en la oficina que corresponde al lugar de residencia. Aquà ­ est la lista de telà ©fonos gratuitos a los que marcar en cada estado para solicitar una cita. Adems, aquà ­ est la lista de la oficina central en cada estado, con correo electrà ³nico para comunicarse y enlace a la pgina oficial estatal, con los sus requisitos (incluye Puerto Rico y otros territorios, el Distrito de Columbia y las tribus de las naciones indà ­genas). A tener muy en cuenta En ocasiones, a pesar de calificar no se puede recibir el WIC. Esto es asà ­ cuando en una agencia local que gestiona este programa se ha llegado al là ­mite permitido. En estos casos se establece un sistema de prioridades sobre quià ©n debe recibir la ayuda y quià ©n no. A consecuencia de ello, algunas personas podrà ­an quedar excluidas. Segà ºn los à ºltimos datos, el aà ±o pasado se beneficiaron de este programa 7,696,439 personas. El coste del programa en el à ºltimo aà ±o fiscal, pendiente de datos finales, fue de $1,946,286,967 incluidos gastos de alimentacià ³n y administrativos. De interà ©s para padres y madres En Estados Unidos est estadà ­sticamente demostrado que la calidad de la educacià ³n que recibe un nià ±o es muy importante para su futuro. Por esta razà ³n se recomienda informarse sobre los aspectos bsicos de cà ³mo funciona el sistema educativo y cules son las opciones. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Terrorism and the Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Terrorism and the Law - Essay Example As amended by IRTPA in December 2004 AEDPA section 2339B(a) defines material support as â€Å"any property, tangible or intangible or service, including money, financial services, lodging, training, expert advice or assistance, safehouses, false documentation or identification, communication equipment, facilities, weapons, lethal substance, explosives, personnel, transportation, and with the exemption of medicine or religious materials (Samaha 468). The government must be able to prove that the â€Å"donor defendant acted with culpable intent knowledge† so as it is safe to say that such individual has provided material support to a terrorist organization (Samaha 468). 2. Terrorism is defined by at least four different kinds of laws. Name at least three kinds of laws. There are varying definitions of terrorism which makes it controversial and it is defined by different kinds of laws such as the following: International criminal law, National criminal law (e.g. United States La w Code), and general insurance policies. 3. The United Nations, The Arab Convention and European Convention define terrorism differently. Explain each definition. The United Nations The United Nations and the council on the suppression of terrorism seek to define it by adopting general legislative measures against it which results in serious legal consequences. As a result of this, the United Nations is encouraging every state to define terrorism in the context of National Law (Saul 141). The Arab Convention, On the other hand, the Arab Convention is very particular in excluding armed struggle against oppression from the definition of terrorism and its suppression. The threat to the right of securing self-determination and independence which can be counteracted by an armed struggle in whatever means is particularly excluded in the definition of terrorism (Williamson 59). This, therefore, paves the way for the difficulty in coming up with a universal definition of terrorism. European Convention European Convention on the other hand on its suppression of terrorism encourages States to consider terrorism and its acts not as political offenses or as being inspired by political motives (Dumitriu 587). 4. Yunis, Noriega, and Yousef were progressive rulings on extraterritorial jurisdiction. In a few sentences, what does each case stand for? Why are they considered progressive rulings? The US District Court decision of United States vs. Yunis case stands for the acceptance of certain principles of extraterritorial jurisdiction allowing prosecution of terrorists in the United States (Wegner). In other words, the said case has become the model for the prosecution of terrorists in the US courts. The Noriega case depicts how the head of the state can be brought before trials in the US courts. In the midst of this trial, Noriega case can substantially apply three types of immunity: foreign sovereign immunity, head of state immunity, and the act of state immunity. The case of Yousef, on the other hand, depicts the clash between the Iran Penal Code and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. These two have certain principles that at some point would bring substantial consideration to the progress of the case. These three are considered progressive rulings because from time to time, various modifications, amendments or changes have been implemented on various laws in the world.  

Hershy's Strategic Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hershy's Strategic Planning - Essay Example This promotional strategy was the biggest marketing activity of the company which became one of its strongest core competencies. Other major competencies include its purchase of British candy maker Cadbury Schweppes PLC’s US business in 1988 and many other candy, pasta and ice-cream manufacturers in the United States. Continuous new product developments other than chocolate through acquisition of different confectionery product manufacturers in US have become its major core competency as well as a competitive advantage. Hershey has maintained the leadership position in the global chocolate industry through effective brand presence in sixty countries in the world. It has 43% market share in the chocolate market and 18% market share in the non chocolate candy market. The company is globally recognized by top brands like Hershey itself, Kisses, Kit Kat, Reese’s, Almond Joy, Twizzlers, York and Jolly Rancher. Hershey’s has retained 30% market in the global confection ery market that is near about double of its nearest competitor. Hershey’s has the opportunity to expand its areas of core competencies in other areas of its business which are: strong distribution channel through franchises, efficient management, product quality and many impressive brands. These can become its competitive advantage. The company exports its product to most of its foreign markets. So, it can manufacture in different countries to cut down the cost of distribution mainly to reduce the price which might be one of the competitive advantages to compete with the domestic brands of each foreign market. The Hershey’s brand is well popular for its quality and it needs to concentrate on low fat and calories product and also sugar free candies so as to attract a particular demographic segment of customers who do not enjoy chocolate because of health consciousness (Zhang, 2001, p.26). 2. Internal strategies The company’s internal strategies lie in different a reas of its business, like innovation in the product quality with respect to change in lifestyle and food consumption habits of the worldwide consumers. Also, an important strategy would be environmental free packaging as a way of taking on effective social responsibilities. ‘Hershey’s’ needs to concentrate on the quality differentiation of the existing products with respect to competitors’ product rather than focusing on the product differentiation. The brand has a market presence in more than sixty different markets in the world but they have to consider the similar taste and preference of the consumers. It needs to differentiate taste and preference with respect to consumer’s choice of each different location so that it can compete with the local players in foreign markets. Apart from categorizing product by geographic segmentation it also needs to concentrate on producing low fat and sugar free products to extend its target to a different segmen t of people who do not like chocolate and other confectionary product for health considerations. Most of the Hershey’s products have packaging that is not environmental friendly. The packaging is also one of the major criteria for the food products especially for the confectionary products. Although the brand have attractive packaging which is essential for promotion as well as being a quality indicator but they also need to

Analysis of the poor country Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Analysis of the poor country - Essay Example Pakistan does not have a well-developed industrial sector but some of the important industries are Cotton Textile, Woolen Textile, Cement, Sugar factories, Fertilizers, Leather, and paper industries (F. K. Khan). Political History of Pakistan Pakistan came into being on 14 August 1947, with two parts. West Pakistan constituted NWFP, Punjab, Baluchistan and Sindh, whereas East Pakistan constituted of East Bengal. The founder of the nation, Mohammad Ali Jinnah, was the first Governor General. Pakistan was declared as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (official name) with the adoption of parliamentary democratic system of government in 1956 when the first constitution was promulgated. From 1956-1965, the political situation remained unstable with the country’s first Martial Law enforced in 1958. In 1965, Pakistan and India engaged in war over the Kashmir dispute for the first time (Afzal). Pakistan and India fought again in 1971, which resulted in East Pakistan declaring itself as an independent nation to be called Bangladesh. Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto formed Pakistan People’s Party and became President of Pakistan and a new Pakistan Constitution was formed in 1973. 1n 1977, Gen. Muhammad Zia-ul Haq promulgated Marshall Law and became the president and Z.A Bhutto was hanged. From 1985, when the Marshall Law was lifted to 1999 Pakistan saw two political leaders become prime ministers alternatively twice. Military Rule was one again established in 1999, and the Army General Musharraf declared himself President in 2001. In 2008, Musharraf stepped down and democracy was restored (H. Khan). Economic History of Pakistan Soon after independence Pakistan’s economy went into recession. The economy suffered in the 1950’s due to weak industrial base and lack of private organizations. By 1960’s, the economy started recovering but in 1970’s the economy fell again due to separation of East Pakistan. It took 12 years to recover from the second recession but that too was short lived. The reason behind this is the corruption and communal unrest (Jaffrelot). In 1998, economic sanctions by the West as Pakistan conducted its first nuclear test also affected the economy. During the time, when General Pervez Musharraf assumed his power he devoted his team to manage the economic crises. During this period, there was considerable progress in achieving macro-economic stability. There was a positive GDP growth rate, fiscal deficits improved, external debts, revenues, exports, and foreign exchange reserves all showed improvement. However, poverty and unemployment increased. The overall picture that emerges from a dispassionate examination of these indicators is that the country made significant economic achievements but had a disappointing record of social development (S. Khan). After 2008, Musharraf resigned a new Government led by Asif Ali Zardari was established. The GDP growth, which had been 5.0 % dropped to just 0.4 % (2008-09) . By October 2008, the inflation reached the highest level of 25 percent. The oil and other commodities prices showed an unprecedented increase. In addition to this, the natural climate in 2010 and 2011 also added to the economic suffering. Extreme power shortages were causing huge losses. Even though, the growth rate of the economy was 6%, there were the worst crises in public enterprises, energy sufferings, and economic mismanagement during these years (United Nations) Current Economy Pakistan’

American global supremacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American global supremacy - Essay Example Walters, whom I interviewed for this project. I chose to interview him, my uncle who is going to be 75 in December, because he is a very knowledgeable and shrewd man. He was with the army as a doctor for his entire career until retirement. During his many appointments, he was posted in various countries all over the world and thus was an ideal candidate to elucidate on this topic. I took notes as we had a casual conversation. When I asked him whether he thought America was a ‘superpower’ right now, he explained to me what a superpower is. He said: The superpower is the nation that has a say in the world events and decisions the most. There cannot be a superpower without there being nations who give it that status, just like there cannot be a leader without having followers who want him to lead†¦ Before the 20th century, Great Britain provided tutelage to the world, as it had colonies and followers all over†¦ Look up history, you know, books and biographies and you will see the superpowers the world has seen, rule and then disintegrate. Soviet Union happened just a couple decades ago. However, the world has never been as global as it is now. America was building up to take this position when there was want of hope and optimism in the 17th, 18th centuries. It gained that position, and the acceptance from other nations in the 20th century. When I asked him how America came to be a superpower, he said it was through invention, progress and trade. Americans have always been very open, adventurous and have opted to set up work sites (Steingart) and joint ventures in countries all over the world. American language, food and culture have precipitated world over. From McDonalds to Apple, email to ‘F.R.I.E.N.D.S’, American items have penetrated all the cultures of the world in some form. Another very important factor that established the position of the US in the global arena is the US dollar. It has become the global currency for trade in the

The Function of the HR Manager at Manchester1 Essay

The Function of the HR Manager at Manchester1 - Essay Example The functions of HRM discussed in the paper include HR planning, recruitment and selection, contracts, employee relations, grievance and discipline, and volunteer management. Since Manchester1 arranges small comedy events, the main clients of the company would be from the media. The company needs to start booking the local acts that can be featured (Drew). The company might have to build relationships with the booking agencies with the growth of the business to attract better comedians so that the workload can be reduced. Manchester1 recruits in two fundamental ways; online advertisement and with the help of the employment agencies. The company has its own personal website where it advertises the vacancies in the â€Å"jobs at Manchester1† section. In addition to that, understanding the power and usability of the social networking websites for the purpose of advertisement, the company advertises vacancies on Facebook. Facebook is being increasingly used by companies for advertising all over the world and â€Å"social ads† are considered as advertising’s future (Pickering). The company also has its personal profile on Facebook where it shares the information regarding the vacancies. HRM at Manchester1 also lists the criteria of eligibility for the interested candidates in each of these mediums to ensure that only the possibly qualifying people send their CVs and the HRM has a lesser load of applications to deal with. In addition, HRM at Manchester1 also render the services of the e mployment agencies especially when they have to recruit the employees on an immediate basis. Candidates for interview are short-listed after a thorough review of their individualistic talents, achievements, and competences, and the short-listed candidates are called upon for a structured interview. The selected candidates are recommended to the top management which after a second interview, selects the employees. At Manchester1, the selected employees are first offered a place at the company temporarily during which, no written contract is made between the employee and the company.  

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 35

Assignment Example In addition, surgeries and medical therapies prevent cancer in patients who are at a high risk of getting cancer due to their genes. There are women who opt to undergo mastectomy even before they get the cancer because some of their close relatives have breast cancer (Eccles, 2011). Immunizations are important in protecting people from viral infections like hepatitis B, which increases risks of liver cancer, and HPV, which is responsible for cervical cancer. Moreover, people should lead healthy lifestyles by exercising regularly, eating healthy diets and avoiding tobacco. High cholesterols associated with unhealthy diets and not exercising leads to high estrogen levels, which may cause breast cancer and tobacco causes lung cancer. People should also avoid long exposure to the sun and x-rays as this may cause skin cancer (Eccles, 2011). Breast cancer starts in the breast’s tissues. Genes, family history, early onset of menstrual cycle or late menopause and other factors like gender and age are the causes of breast cancer. Its symptoms include fluid coming out of the nipples or lumps. It is tested using MRI, ultrasound or biopsy. Treatments include mastectomy, lumpectomy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy (A.D.A.M, 2013). Prostate cancer starts in the prostate glands around the urethra. African American men and men over 60 years of age have a high risk of getting prostate cancer. Symptoms appear later as the cancer grows larger and they include leaking urine, blood in urine and slow urinary system. Testing is done using MRI, scans and biopsy. It is treated using surgery and radiation therapy (A.D.A.M, 2013). Cervical cancer starts at the cervical cells. Women with multiple sexual partners and those who started having sex at an early age have a higher risk of getting cervical cancer. Symptoms include heavy menstruation, vaginal discharge and abnormal vaginal bleeding. Pap smear, con biopsy and cervix magnification detect cervical cancer.

The Function of the HR Manager at Manchester1 Essay

The Function of the HR Manager at Manchester1 - Essay Example The functions of HRM discussed in the paper include HR planning, recruitment and selection, contracts, employee relations, grievance and discipline, and volunteer management. Since Manchester1 arranges small comedy events, the main clients of the company would be from the media. The company needs to start booking the local acts that can be featured (Drew). The company might have to build relationships with the booking agencies with the growth of the business to attract better comedians so that the workload can be reduced. Manchester1 recruits in two fundamental ways; online advertisement and with the help of the employment agencies. The company has its own personal website where it advertises the vacancies in the â€Å"jobs at Manchester1† section. In addition to that, understanding the power and usability of the social networking websites for the purpose of advertisement, the company advertises vacancies on Facebook. Facebook is being increasingly used by companies for advertising all over the world and â€Å"social ads† are considered as advertising’s future (Pickering). The company also has its personal profile on Facebook where it shares the information regarding the vacancies. HRM at Manchester1 also lists the criteria of eligibility for the interested candidates in each of these mediums to ensure that only the possibly qualifying people send their CVs and the HRM has a lesser load of applications to deal with. In addition, HRM at Manchester1 also render the services of the e mployment agencies especially when they have to recruit the employees on an immediate basis. Candidates for interview are short-listed after a thorough review of their individualistic talents, achievements, and competences, and the short-listed candidates are called upon for a structured interview. The selected candidates are recommended to the top management which after a second interview, selects the employees. At Manchester1, the selected employees are first offered a place at the company temporarily during which, no written contract is made between the employee and the company.  

Management of Health Services Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Management of Health Services - Coursework Example Risk management is a venture by health organizations that ensures that possible recipes to failure are alleviated in the organization (Drucker & Ferdinand 45). For example, incase the management anticipates that health services are not going to be adequate enough for the soaring patient numbers, more facilities need to be purchased so that when this time reaches, patients will be served satisfactorily. However, control functions are sometimes difficult and challenging to implement and use in cases when employees are many. It becomes challenging to monitor each employee to see whether they are achieving organizational goals (Drucker & Ferdinand 56). Health service organization managers have various planning and organizational roles as pertains to the conduct of employees and the execution of tasks. Incase there is a project by the health organization; it is the role of health service organization managers to supervise the project team and ensure that the project is completed in time. The managers are also responsible for financial planning so that all service operations are done within the allocated budget. Managers also delegate duties to various employees so that there is efficient division of labor. In order to ensure that the responsibilities of managers are effective, project managers need to take action against any employees who break rules of the health organization. They are also expected to be diligent and thorough in their roles (Drucker & Ferdinand

The Guardian but left out of the Mirror Essay Example for Free

The Guardian but left out of the Mirror Essay The Guardian has really included as much information as it can on this story. The content is detailed and more involved than that which is in the Mirror, so that the reader gets a clearer and broader view of what is going on. There is now a debate over whether it [a draft of the weapons report] should be released to the Congress over the next fortnight, as has been widely expected, is an example of a fact which has been included in the Guardian but left out of the Mirror. If all you need to know is that the government have failed to find any weapons of mass destruction in Iraq, then you only need to read the Mirror which outlines all the major aspects of the story in an accessible manner. But if you are very interested or involved with the matter of the war in Iraq, then the Guardian is more informative. Both reports are generally geared towards a disapproving or mocking feeling towards the British and American governments because of the claims that they have made and not been able to back up. The Mirror is less strong about this, but they both imply that Tony Blair has been given a run for his money over the question of whether we went to war with Iraq on false assumptions, which it now appears the government were just using as an excuse to back up their actions. The Guardian uses a quote from David Albright, a former UN weapons inspector Its clear that the US and British governments wildly exaggerated the case for going to war Im not surprised, given how incompetent this search has been. Theyve had bad relations with the [Iraqi] scientists from the start because they treated them all as criminals. Because the article in the Mirror is shorter and contains less information, there are fewer quotes or facts which make the report seem biased. The political opinion of the paper is less obvious in the text. Apart from the WMD-Ometer joke, which is lightly fun-poking rather than politically expressive, the article is only mildly opinionated and generally just gives the reader the necessary facts. It would appear that the reporter was writing for a paper which did not have a very strong political view on the matter and did not want to force an opinion onto its readers either, expect for the inevitable general feeling of disappointment and irony. The Mirror does not expect its readers to formulate political and philosophical arguments and opinions by reading the article. They want to give the reader basic facts and concentrate more on the emotional and funny side of things. Political bias in the Guardian is present but subtle, so that it does not appear to be brainwashing its audience but merely informing them from a certain angle. It is now very easy to see how different newspapers handle their stories differently according to the readership at which they are aiming. While some people want to be able to pick up a cheap, attention grabbing newspaper for an easy read, lots of light human interest stories and minimal heavy news, some people prefer a paper which goes into more detail about the more controversial issues in the news and doesnt bother with gossipy, irrelevant stories. Of course it also depends on your mood, and when and where you are going to be reading the paper. People usually prefer to have broadsheet papers like the Guardian delivered to them or to buy it from a local shop, so that they can sit and read it at home over a meal or when they have nothing else to do. Smaller more accessible newspapers like the Mirror are more suitable for reading on the move or early in the morning on the way to work or school while you are really not in a mood for mind-consuming activities such as reading a difficult and in-depth article. The Metro, a free tabloid paper available every morning from any London Underground station, is a perfect example of this. It is mass produced every day and issued out for free, so it is made sure that the Metro is readable for absolutely anyone who is travelling on the Underground and has nothing else to read. It is also provided as a way to occupy the travellers so that they dont have to look at each other, as social harmony on the Tube is not exactly very comfortable. The Guardian is more expensive so you would only really buy it if you were intending to read all or most of it, whereas with the cheaper tabloid papers you can flick through them as a way of occupying yourself when you have nothing better to do, and you want quick impact for less time, money and concentration. Information in the larger, more expensive papers is more thorough, but slowly assimilated. Tabloids tend to contain more supposition and exaggeration to make the story seem more extreme and therefore more exciting for the reader. Language is fairly simple but expressive verbs are used to make the events seem more real. Usually tabloids focus more on the human element of their stories, in order to draw emotions from the reader and keep them interested. Although the language used and the structure and presentation of broadsheet newspapers seems to be aimed at more intelligent people and vice versa, it probably isnt entirely fair or accurate to say that more intelligent people read the Guardian and stupid, dumb people read the Mirror. Obviously this is true in a lot of cases, but the two papers are written for different purposes and occasions, and not necessarily just for different types of people. You will find that a lot of very intelligent people read tabloids for convenience and enjoyment, and similarly some less intelligent people who do not especially enjoy reading will read a broadsheet if there is an issue going on which they are particularly concerned with and want to follow in more depth. Also, although (we trust that) facts in newspapers are accurate, and quotations and statistics are genuine the ways in which they are dealt with depend very much on the newspapers own viewpoint. Especially with broadsheet papers, each one tends to support a certain political party, and the angles that they take on their stories are biased towards this. Papers cannot be objective, even if they try to be, because all the articles are written and put together by people, who have their own feelings and opinions about whatever they are writing about. People who buy newspapers regularly get into the habit of reading the one whose attitude is most similar to their own. This is why there is sometimes jokey controversy between readers of differently opinionated newspapers, and papers are stereotyped according to which political party they are biased towards. There are many different ways in which the media can convey news and entertainment to the public, and you can see this very clearly in the different types of newspapers and news articles that people write. Just like any other piece of writing, newspapers are not just written to inform; but to persuade, to entertain, to advertise, to advise, and, in varying degrees of subtlety, to instruct. It is very important to be able to consider carefully the type of newspaper you are reading from and be aware of how it is aiming to affect its readers.

Developing Cultural Competence in Nursing

Developing Cultural Competence in Nursing Christopher Mason Cultural Interview with Patrick de Mendoza The culture in which we are raised greatly influences our attitudes, beliefs, values, and behaviors. Our families taught us how to believe about and treat people who were different than we are. In order to provide sensitive and effective care to persons from cultures that are different from our own, two things must occur: An awareness of one’s own cultural values and beliefs and a recognition of how they influence our attitudes and behaviors. An understanding of the cultural beliefs and values of others and how they are influenced by them (Wintz Cooper, 2009, p. 7). I interviewed Patrick de Mendoza, a 37 year old Mexican-American male. My intentions in conducting this interview were to learn more about how a person from the Hispanic heritage experiences health care in the United States compared to someone of the Caucasian background. Patrick and I are close friends with similar interests. I never saw him as Hispanic, only as American. I never considered us to be very different. The fact is, he is of Mexican and Spanish decent and I am of European and Native American decent. While we have similar ideas on our outlooks to the future, there are differences in the way we were raised and the views we were taught to believe. This article will compare and contrast our views of and encounters with healthcare. When asked about how closely he identified with his ethnic background, he stated, â€Å"90% of my friends are Mexican, as in either 1st or 2nd generation Mexican-American. There is an importance placed on how far away generationally we are from having lived in Mexico. First generation means both parents are full-blooded Mexican. I am 2nd generation.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Even though Patrick has been raised in the U.S., his upbringing was based on Mexican traditions. In his home English and Spanish are spoken. He doesn’t speak Spanish fluently and is more comfortable speaking English. He says regarding personal space and dialogue, â€Å"there is very small personal space and dialogue can go to the male or female. However, you have to jump in and speak if you want to be heard. Typically the Spanish dialogue is very energetic.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) As a Hispanic, Patrick was raised Roman Cat holic. He was taught to not only respect his elders, but to pitch in and help wherever he could to help his family and community. When asked what his culture believed about health, Patrick said that most Mexicans in the United States get what they need when they are sick by crossing the border back to their family or physicians their family knows and uses in Mexico. â€Å"I have a jaded opinion of the American healthcare system knowing that I can get the drugs or treatment I need faster and cheaper in Mexico.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Patrick says, â€Å"I personally have a bias against the old school white male clinician that I am likely to see during a doctor visit. It is more textbook question after question and less inviting.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Having said that, he did explain that in Mexico you a more likely to see a physician who is more involved and interested in what will make you feel b etter. Funny enough, Patrick laughed and said, â€Å"That’s real too!† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) When I asked Patrick if he would prefer to have a physician from his culture, he said, he would probably be more open with someone from his culture. However, if not, he would hope to see a qualified physician to whom he could relate. On a more positive note, Patrick told me that in the Latin culture mental illness such as schizophrenia and Down syndrome are not looked down upon but instead are accepted by the family and the community. â€Å"You come together as a community to provide whatever they need and to offer support for not just the mentally ill but also for the physically ill, grieving, and the indigent.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) I asked Patrick what role his culture and religion played in his up-bringing. In a very earnest response, he replied, â€Å"I think in Mexican heritage we really val ue family life.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Society did not dictate how he was disciplined even though the Mexican population is Roman Catholic as a culture. When I asked him about his own health, he replied that he becomes quite overwhelmed with the stress of being a pre-school teacher. He added, how a person carries their stress determines how healthy or sickly they may be. Patrick felt he could be healthier and that he could better his own situation using diet, exercise, and stress management. In 2003, the Institute of Medicine recognized that an increasing number of studies focusing on disparities in healthcare validated the view of racial and ethnic minorities as credible assessments. For example the biased views often held by Mexican-Americans toward their physician have a true influence on the patient as well as the physician. While the patient questions competency and may disrespect the physician because he is culturally different and not of the same ethnicity, conversely the physician’s perspective is often influenced by the patient’s avoidance of treatment and difficulty in communication (Blendon et al., 2007). In my interview with Patrick he reinforced this point by saying, â€Å"The relationship you have with a physician or nurse determines the types of questions they are free to ask and how freely you will answer them.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Very personal questions, sexual in nature or concerning abortion are purposefully not answered if a patient assesses the physician as not caring or trust worthy. Trying to get answers out of him as a patient would be very taxing for a physician with whom he felt no bond or trust, even to the detriment of his health. Latin heritage is structured with a religious upbringing of Roman Catholicism that deters conversations concerning contraception and abortion. Abortion is a religious belief not a physician’s advice or a recommendation of a healthcare practitioner. A first visit is very different and although Patrick says he would probably be very reserved, he would give that physician the opportunity to build a trusting relationship. With his healthcare experiences at Kaiser Permanente, in particular, he has had no continuity of care and has received most of his treatment from nurses and nurse practitioners. Exasperated, Patrick commented, â€Å"I am likely to see a physician for about 5 seconds, if at all.† (P. de Mendoza, personal com munication, February 20, 2014) Again he repeated, â€Å"†¦ and that’s real too!† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Contrary to most Mexican-Americans, Non-Hispanic whites in the United States are in some ways more compelled by logic than culture when sick and dealing with healthcare. As far back in time as I can remember, if I became ill my mother either called the doctor or took me to the doctor’s office for a visit. I believe in western medicine, but my physician spoke the same language I did and I had health insurance that helped to pay for services. Rationally, it makes sense to go to the person who has the knowledge to solve the problem you are having. If you are having car trouble you go to the auto-mechanic. If you are having issues with your roof leaking, you call the roofer. If you are having complications within your body, you call the person who knows the most about the human body. Traditionally, for Caucasians in America whose grandparents’ grandparents were U.S. settlers, that person is a physician. Whether for a slight cold or a broken limb, I saw the doctor. I never had any problems getting an appointment because I never really had to have one. I very simply went to the office and signed in. Usually there was somewhat of a wait, but the time was well worth the medical resolution. I saw the same physician my father always had. When he retired his son took over his practice and he is still my physician today. â€Å"Since our hospitals were built by European Americans for European Americans, their values such as autonomy, independence, and privacy prevail in our institutions. Patients who have immigrated†¦ often value the family over the individual or view the male head of household as the decision maker for the patient† (Galanti, 2001). The hospital staff maintains that patients should want to gain their independence as a part of a healthy outcome (Galanti, 2001). Health outcomes are certainly affected by socio-economic advantage and cultural non-minorities benefit from higher rates of employment, acquisition of insurance, as well as choice and quality of health services. Mental health is another area where Mexican-Americans and Non-Hispanic whites differ. Both populations seem to have contrasting ideas about the causation of psychiatric illness which affect the roles family members play in treatment and recovery. The Hispanic culture is accepting of the person regardless of the ailment. The Mexican perspective accepts and expresses less blame, embarrassment and stigmatization than what I have personally witnessed in my own culture. I had an uncle who was an alcoholic. In the community and in the family people expressed a common feeling of disgust for him. My brothers and I were always told, â€Å"Stay away from Paul, he drinks too much.† Whether a genetic disorder such as Down syndrome or complication from drug use during pregnancy, the child is accepted with open arms and warmth. Patrick proudly stated, â€Å"The family and community comes together as one to pitch in and help those who suffer from perhaps schizophrenia or alcoholism. It is a cultural fundament to actively participate and help.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Patrick’s mother suffers from schizophrenia. He says, â€Å"Every one of all ages is expected to chip in and make sure the person suffering is not left behind to suffer alone.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Patrick continued with high spirits telling me that Latin America is very conversational rather than a more reserved culture where some things are not discussed. â€Å"There is a comfort in everyone chiming in; no one is labeled or shunned because they share a different opinion from the rest of the group. We are an open forum.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Culture and ethnicity create a unique pattern of beliefs and perceptions as to what â€Å"health† or â€Å"illness† actually mean. In turn, this pattern of beliefs influences how symptoms are recognized, to what they are attributed and how they are interpreted, and effects how and when health services are sought. (Anderson, Scrimshaw, Fullilove, Fielding, Normand, 2003, p. 68) Utilization or lack thereof is not always due to an absence of medical facilities or health insurance. Sometimes there isn’t a language barrier that keeps someone from having a conversation with a healthcare practitioner. Even as there is a growing population of medical professionals of the Hispanic ethnicity as well as other minorities, generally most Mexican-Americans expect their primary practitioner to be an older white male. In Patrick’s view, this acts as a deterrent to the United States healthcare system for most Mexican-Americans. While Patrick’s idea of the physician’s ethnicity may inhibit most of his Mexican-American friends; this is an image of a provider that I am used to. As bravado as Patrick’s culture is, for 8 of 9 of his closest friends the head of the family is the grand-ma, abuelita. â€Å"We often take the opinion of our elders, grand-mother or uncle who you know are on your side.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) At this point Patrick has an HMO. He says, â€Å"Doctors are not advocating for me.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) If he sought a physician’s advice, the recommendation always comes from family and friends. Longstanding in Mexican culture, many tend to go over the boarder to have procedures performed. Patrick said, â€Å"I don’t know if it is of the same quality as U.S. healthcare, but unless you have a really good job with excellent insurance coverage and a strong bond with your physician, then you trust the people your family go to when they are sick.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) Shocking to me, he added, â€Å"I have friends that are in the military with great healthcare, but they still go to Mexico to get procedures they need because their families went there.† (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014) The Clinical Nurse Leader character was formed by the AACN in 2006 to afford headship across all aspects of our health care organization (Shipman, Stanton, Hankins, Odom-Bartel, 2013). Patrick felt that miscommunication and a lack of cultural understanding leads to mistrust. He said, The more you trust a doctor the better relationship you have and the more inclined you are to talk about your personal issues and relationships. When I’m referring to going over the border, I’m speaking of seeing the family doctor. It does say a lot to have a family doctor because you have a history with someone who can identify with your beliefs (P. de Mendoza, personal communication, February 20, 2014). As a Clinical Nurse Leader, we are responsible for advocating for the patient and for fostering communication between patients, their families or care takers and nurses and physicians alike. The involvement of a CNL in patient treatment could soon be as prevalent in health care facilities as physician assistants and nurse practitioners are now. CNLs could put programs in place for retaining and recruiting diverse staff. This would provide a deeper well of knowledge of beliefs and practices from many cultures not just one or two. Another obligation of all practitioners and specifically Nurse Leaders is to ensure that educational materials are available that are culturally and linguistically appropriate for each clients’ cultural history. Our patients should feel as though their Clinical Nurse Leaders have given them the tools to actively be involved in their own health treatment. These are basic cultural competencies that, when implemented, further the cultural riches within he alth facilities already available to diverse communities. A Clinical Nurse Leader, having specific training in cultural awareness, will hopefully creatively lessen communication barriers, facilitate the integration of larger knowledge bases of ethnic health beliefs, as well as better conditions and practices. To provide an equal quality of healthcare to everyone hardly means treating all patients the same. In order to give optimal health care to everyone, all professionals must consider humanity’s many differences, attempt to know each client, and tailor treatment to the individual. We could also work with area providers in sensitivity training helping them to become aware of their beliefs that work to marginalize other ethnicities. (Anderson et al., 2003, p. 72) I hope that these accomplishments and goals toward quality of care are realized in the near future. It is senseless for a country as advanced as the United States is to have such a miraculous body of medical and biologic knowledge, if we fail to use that information to optimize the health situations of all the people that make-up our society. Patrick felt his health was not at its best due to the amount of stress he experiences. He felt his health could be transformed by more positive thinking, setting realistic goals, eating better, and exercising. As Clinical Nurse Leaders, we should be promoting inter-professional team care and embracing not an alternative system, but a complimentary treatment approach to the patient as a whole. References Anderson, L. M., Scrimshaw, S. C., Fullilove, M. T., Fielding, J. .E., Normand, J., (2003). Culturally competent healthcare systems: a systematic review. American journal of preventive medicine, 24(3), 68–79. doi: 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00657-8 Blendon, R. J., Buhr, T., Cassidy, E. F., Perez, D. J., Hunt, K. A., Fleischfresser, C., . . . Herrmann, M. J. (2007). Disparities In Health: Perspectives Of A Multi-Ethnic, Multi-Racial America. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.26.5.1437 Galanti, G. A. (2001). The challenge of serving and working with diverse populations in American hospitals. Diversity Factor, 9(3), 21-26. Shipman, S., Stanton, M., Hankins, J., Odom-Bartel, R. (2013). INCORPORATION OF THE CLINICAL NURSE LEADER IN PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE. Journal of Professional Nursing, 29(1), 4-10. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2012.04.004